Those floating patches sound like mold. If you can take a photo and post it, please do so.
I've never had a beer grow mold in the fermenter, but I know it's possible.
Since I don't know much about mold, I don't know if it will eat the sugars and create bottle bombs. I don't think so, but I don't know.
So what I would do is bottle the beer and make sure to leave enough behind that you're not picking up any of the moldy stuff or even the top layer of beer.
You really shouldn't have anything solid floating on the surface of the beer. Maybe some patches of bubbles, but not anything solid. Particularly not grey-green.
+1 to racking out under the mold if it is mold. Also +1 to pictures.
Also, if your beer is still at 1.019, you are good to bottle, and you shouldn't have any further fermentation happening.
get it in a bottle, so you can drink it in a couple weeks.
the bubbles you saw in (e) were carbonation bubbles. Beer holds a little bit of CO2 in solution, more at colder temperatures. However, when you agitate the liquid, some of the CO2 comes out of solution.
give the summer ale a couple checks over the next 3-7 days, and if they are all the same, that one should be good to bottle as well.