Your location has a lot to do with whether it's worth it to even try to grow barley (no, you can't plant malt...malt is made from barley). Dan Listermann tried growing malt in Ohio and reportedly harvested about 10% as much as he planted!
I think it's fascinatingthat you can germinate ANY malt. Just goes to show that life will out, if given any opportunity at all.
but yeah, location has a lot to do with it, it also has a lot to do with what varieties you would want to plant. Bohemia likely has a lot colder winter weather than MO so bohemian barley might not do well there. But one of the nice things about barley is that it will grow well in soil that is not suited to many other crops. and for malting purposes you actually want less fertile soil so the protein percentage doesn't get to high.
It is grown most places in the US though. I know VT, western MA, CO (of course) MT, ME, NE (again, of course), IA... well it goes on and on. It'll grow most places.