Brewed a Red Ale with all Willamette hops and a Schwarzbier on Sunday. Both came out below target OG. Red was supposed to be 1.046 for six gallons, got six gallons, OG was 1.041. Black was supposed to be 1.051 for six gallons, got 1.039, 5.5 gallons. I'm going back to fly-sparging. Only seemed to lose 1 or 2 points at the most doing it that way. Either I don't know what I'm doing batch sparging, or my manifold and 48 QT cooler isn't cutting it.