Depending on the varietal, I usually do light to medium roasts, I usually dump the beans in the cooling tray ~ 10-15 seconds after first crack. I take some espresso blends into rolling second crack then dump. The machine holds 5 Lbs of green but, I can do concurrent back to back batches. I can do about 20#'s an hour. I just did 10#'s the other day for a neighbor of mine that wants to give good fresh roasted coffee for XMAS gifts.