Steve, if you pitched to the 1L starter wort, then walked away for 20 hrs, you probably missed high krausen. If you checked in on it during the 20 hrs and didn't see anything, that doesn't mean a whole lot because these starters dont really foam up a thick krausen like a full batch will. Sometimes I suppose, but not always.
I call my variation of mark's method 1LO2HK, 1 liter, oxygenated, pitched at high krausen. But in reality I'm probably not pitching right at high krausen, more like right before. My goal with a starter is to pitch ~200B cells that are in log phase, ~300-400 with lagers.
Its not always very obvious to tell if your starter is ready by looking. I am goiny to try an idea this week, hopefully a way of knowing, and if it works I'll post it.